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(No Model.) ,5 Sheets-Sheen; 1.

J. B. BLYTHE. APPARATUS FOR TREATING, SEASONING, AND PRESERVING TIMBER.No. 313,918. Patented Mar. 17', 1885.

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(No Model.) A 5 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. B. BLYTHE. APPARATUS FOR TREATING,SEASONIN G, AND PRESERVING TIMBER. Patented Mar. 17, 1885.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. B. BLYTHE.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING, SEASONING, AND PRESERVING TIMBER. No. 313,913.Patented Mar. 17, 1885.

N. PETERS. Pmnmum a nbr:washing an (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4. J. B.BLYTHE.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING, SEASONING, AND PRESERVING TIMBER.

No, 313,913. Patented Mar. 17, 1885.

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(No Model.) I 5 sheets sheet 5.

J. B. BLYTHE.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING SEASONING, AND PRESERVINGVTIMBER.

No; 313,913. Patented Mar. 17,1885.

N. PFJCRS. Phumuum m her, Washinglnlh 0. c4

UNITED STATES PATENT @rnron.

JOHN BENNINGTON BLYTHE, OF BORDEAUX, FRANCE.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING, SEASONlNG, AND PRESERVING TIMBER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 313,913, dated March17, 1885.

Application filed October 23, 1883. (N 0 model.) Patented in France May8, 1876, No. 112,576, November 30, 1878, No. 127.528. an

June 12, 1883, No. 155,963; in England June 27, 1876, No. 2,651,December 20, 1878, No. 5,222, June 6, 1870, No. 2,244, and May 12, 1883,No. 2,410; in Austria October 6, 1876, No. 26,003. July 30, 1879, No.14,007, and June 19, 1884, No. 2,970; in BelgiunrNovember 27, 1876, No.10,913, and January 2, 1879, No. 48,640; in Spain March 17, 1877, No.21; in India. August 2, 1877, No. 58; in Germany October 5. 1877, No.2,172; in Luxemburg November 7, 1877, No. 652; in Sweden July 24, 1880,No. 6,021; in Canada May 20, 1882, No. 14,856, and in Portugal November27, 1883, No. 876.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, JOHN BENNINGTON BLYTHE, a subject of the Queen ofGreat Britain and Ireland, and residing at Bordeaux, in the Republic ofFrance, have invented certain Improvements in Apparatus for TreatingWood for Seasoning, Hardening, and Preserving the same, for which or forparts of which I have obtained the following Letters Patent: in GreatBritain, No. 2,651, dated June 27 1876, No. 5,222, dated December 20,1878, No. 2,244, dated June 6, 1879, and No. 2,410, dated May 12, 1883:in France, No. 112,576, dated May 8, 187 6, No. 127,528, dated November30, 1878, and No. 155,963, dated June 12, 1883; in Austria, No. 26,003,dated October 6,1S76,No. 14,007, dated July 30, 1879, and No. 2,970,dated June 19, 1884; in Belgium, No. 40,943,dated November 27, 1876, andNo. 48,640, dated January 2, 1879; in Germany, No. 2,172, dated October5, 1877 5 in Luxemburg, No. 652, dated November 7, 1877; in Sweden, No.6,021, dated July 24, 1880; in Canada, No. 14,856, dated May 29, 1882,in British India, No. 58, dated August 2, 1877; in Spain, No. 21, datedMarch 17, 1877, and in Portugal, No. 87 6, dated November 27 1883, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My present improvements have for their object to effect a constantcirculation of the seasoning, hardening, or preserving agent or agentsthrough the chamber or vessel or chambers or vessels in which the woodto be treated is contained, by which means the said wood is verythoroughly submitted to the action of a current of the said agent oragents reduced to and suspended in a state of extreme division formingpart of a current of superheated or other steam mixed with air and gasesobtained from or contained in the wood under treatment.

I will describe my invention with reference to the accompanyingdrawings, which represent apparatus constructed'or arranged according tomy invention.

Figure 1 is an elevation, partly in section,

and Fig. 2 is a plan, of half the apparatus mounted upon a bogie, as fortraveling on railways, hereinafter explained. Fig. 3 is a section of theinjecting apparatus on an enlarged scale. Fig. 4 is a transversesection. Fig. 5 is a plan, and Fig. 6 a side elevation, of a modifiedform of the apparatus, as hereinafter explained, showing two singlechambers or vessels combined to form a long compound chamber or vesselfor containing longer pieces of wood; and Fig. 7 is a plan showing fourof such single chambers or vessels combined to form a still longercompound chamber for treating long planks or the like, all ashereinafter more fully described.

1 construct the ovens or closed chambers or vessels A, in which the woodis to be treated, of any suitable form, (but preferably cylindrical, asshown in the drawings,) and they may each be provided with a dome ordomes, a, at top, and have false bottoms "or perforated partitions a ata short distance from the bottom. A pipe, a is fixed at the lower partof each chamber A, the said pipe opening into the space beneath theperforated partition a, and being provided with a stop-valve, a", forcharging and discharging the matter used when it is considered necessaryto complete the process by the injection of mineral or vegetable oils,metallic solutions, or other matters used for preserving or coloringwood. This pipe a is shown in Figs. 1 and 2 as being arranged tocommunicate between the two chambers A, the valve 66", and pipe 01giving communication when required with the tank X.

In Figs. 4 and 5 the pipe c communicates only with one chamber, and thetank X is arranged in a different position, for it will be evident thatthe position of these parts does not affect the nature of my invention.

In Fig. 7 two tanks, X, are shown as con nected with the lengthenedapparatus. A small tube, 12, dips into the said .pipe a the said tube 1)at its other end forming one of the nozzles of an injector, c, the otheror surrounding nozzle, 0 being in communication by the pipe 0 with asource of steam-supply. injector arrangement is continued by a pipe,cl,which opens into the space beneath the perforated partition a".Another pipe or pipes, e, is or are incommunication with the interior ofthe vessels A either directly or through the dome or domes, (where suchare used.) the said pipe or pipes 6 also opening into the chamber of theinjectorarrangement. Fig. 3 shows clearly the construction of thisinjector arrangement.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the same arrangement (0) is shown for working thechambers A alternately, and in Figs. 4, 5, and 6 one injector is shownattached to one of the vessels A, forming one of the parts of thelengthened chamber, for it will be evident that the said injectorarrangements may be used in any number suited to the requirements of theapparatus. The'liquid hydrocarbon with which the wood is to be treatedis introduced into the space beneaththeperforated partition and passesinto the aforesaid pipe (4 When steam is turned on to the injector bythe pipe 0 the said liquid hydrocarbon is drawn through the aforesaidsmall tube b, and the said liquid is forced through the pipe or pipes dby the steam into the chamber or vessel, (in which the wood to betreated has been previovsly placed.) At the same time the air and gasesare drawn through the pipe or pipes e from the upper part of the chamberor vessel A by the action of the injector arrangement, and thus aremixed in the pipes dwith and dilute the steam and divide into spray thehydrocarbon liquid coming through the nozzle of the injector. By thismeans a constant pulverization and circulation is kept up through thechamber or vessel A, and the wood contained therein is submitted verythoroughly to the finelypulverized hydrocarbon with which it is treated.I place regulatingcocks on the pipes where necessary to regulate thequantities of the several matters passing into the injector 0, or tostop or divert the currents. For example, I place them on the small tubeor tubes for the hydrocarbon liquids, and also on the steam-pipes c andon the pipe 6. On the pipe d, leading into the vessels A, a two-waycock, p, is placed, which cock, when in one position, opens into thesaid vessels A for maintaing the circulation, as hereinbefore described,and when in the other position opens into the air or into any suitablevessel for condensationas, for example, through the pipe yinto the upperpart of the vessel X, so that the pressure escaping y from the injectora can be utilized to force oil or other liquid (when required for anyinjection after the process) into the chamber or chambers A.

The ovens, chambers, or vessels A are provided with doors 9, which canbe closed gastight, and which can be opened and swung aside, so thatseveral ovens, chambers, or vessels can be jointed and secured togetherto l her A is filled with the wood to be treated,

This

in Figs. 5, 6, and 7.

Each separate oven, chamber, or vessel A may be carried on wheels,(preferably on two pairs,) so as to be readily moved about as trolleyson lines of railway for bringing them-together orseparating them fordischarging and refilling with fresh wood, or moving them to one side toallow the wood to cool slowly when necessary in the chamber in which ithas been treated. I

In order to carry out conveniently the system of making the chambers Acapable of use, either singly as small chambers or in combination aslong chambers, the pipes which lead into the said chamber or chambersare provided with detachable junctions, by-means of which either thesingle chambers can be attached to the vessels for supplying thehydrocarbon and steam or when several chambers are combined the saidvessels can be put into communication with one or other or more of thesaid chambers, and the respective pipes be then joined up as branches toopen into the other chambers, so as to constitute the whole in efi'ectone large chamber.

In Fig. 6 is shown a convenient junctionpiece, j, by which the pipes 6can be joined.

The end of each pipe has a flanged socketpiece, (which tits onto theflanged surface ofj,) and also a hinged fork-piece, 9', provided with ascrew, j, which pieces j" can each be turned over the piece j, and thescrews f being tightened up,secnre the said piecej firmlyin place.

In the said Fig. 6 is also shown a convenient means for securing eitherthe said covers or doors 9 to the chambers or the chambers end toend.The one part of the said fastening consists of a bolt, is, hinged at oneend to the door or the end of the chamber, (as the case may be,)itsother end being turned to engage b tween bracket-pieces on the endot'the chambar or on the door, (as the case may be,) a nut, k beingscrewed up to secure the cover or door to the chamber or the one chamberto the other, as the case may be.

A i t, arrangement of the ap aratus 1 these figures a part of a truckand one set of q the bogie-wheels are shown; but it will be understoodthat the truck is continued to the right hand of the boiler H and thereprovided with another set of bogie-wheels, over which rio are carriedvesselsA, resembling those shown at the left-hand side of thesaidtigures. I

In operating with this apparatus thechamwhich is placed upon theperforated partition a and the doors are then closed and liquidhydrocarbon is introduced into the bottom of the chamber by any suitableopening-such as by the tube 12. Z 2, Fig. 1, shows a forcing apparatusfor this purpose; but it may be simply thrown into the bottom of thechamber by hand. The strength of this hydrocarbon in carbolic acid maybe varied according to the effects required tobe produced upon the wood.Steam is then turned on by the pipe 0 leading from the superheater, (Ihave found steam at one hundred pounds per square inch superheated to atemperature of 750 to 800 Fahrenheit most effective,) which steam passesinto the injector arrangement, Fig. 3, and discharges by the nozzle 6"liquid hydrocarbon drawn in by the tube b, which it beats and vaporizesand forces into the chamber A by the pipe d. At the same time the airand gases from the upper part of the chamber A are drawn rapidly throughthe pipe e and are redischarged (mixed with the heated steam andhydrocarbon vapor) back into the chamher A. This operation is continueduntil the wood is sufficiently treated, which is shown by the rise ofthe pressure in the chamber to thirty or forty pounds on the square,inch, in which time the wood will have acquired an average temperaturein the middle of the pieces of 140 to 150 Fahrenheit,which in the caseof an ordinary railway sleeper takes about half an hour, or longer ifthe wood is very wet. For ordinary purposes (except where the wood is tobe used under water or under ground) no further treatment is necessaryto preserve and harden it. In that case the steam-pipe is detached andthe chamber A wheeled away for the wood to be discharged or put aside tocool gradually, and another chamber is brought up to supply its place.When, however, wood requires the subsequent injection of eitherpreservative or 001- oring matters, the preserving matter (whether whatis ordinarily called creosote-oil orsolutions of mineral salts are used)or liquid is contained in a tank, as at X, and after the treatment asfirst mentioned the cock f will be turned so as to admit the steam fromthe chamber A by the pipe 3 above the liquid on the said tank X, wherebythesaid liquid is forced through the pipe or into the chamberA, and whenthe chamber is full the cock ais closed. The cock as" is opened, and apart of the liquid held in theinterior space, X, admitted by a valveopening inward (not shown) is forced into A through the pipe 05*,leading into the pipe a, steam being turned on by the branch steam-pipex to effect the necessary pressure. The float m indicates the quantityof liquid so pressed in. Coloring-matters are forced in by the samemeans.

Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my saidinvention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carriedinto effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to benovel and original, and therefore claim, is-

1. The combination of the oven for the wood under treatment, areceptacle for the 'preservative agent, one or more steam-ejectors, andthe connecting pipes, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the oven, of a receptacl'e for preservativeagents,a steam-ejector, a steam-generator, a superheater, andconnecting-pipes, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the oven and a condensing vessel or receptacle,ofanejector, and pipes connecting said vessel or receptacle with saidoven through the ejector, sub stantially as described.

4. The combination, with a series of two or more ovens, of a commonsteam-boiler, common ejectors, and connecting-pipes, substantially asdescribed.

5. The combination of the series of ovens, receptacles for preservativeagents, ejectors, condensing-vessel, and connecting-pipes, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with a treating-chamber, of a steam-generator, aninjecting apparatus, and connecting-pipes for injecting the treatingagent into said chamber and for maintaining acirculation of the gases orvapors therein, substantially as described.

7. The combination, with a treating-chamber provided with an outlet-pipefor the liquid or liquefied matters therein, an outletpipe for gases andvapors, and an inlet-pipe, of an injecting apparatus having its suctionconnected with said outlets, and its discharge connected with saidinlet, so as to withdraw from said chamber the liquid or liquefiedmatters, and also the gases and vapors, and also to return them mixedtogether into said chamber, substantially as described.

8. The combination,with the treating-chamber and the injectingapparatus,of the outletp'ipe connecting the lower part of thetreating-chamber with the injecting apparatus,

the outlet-pipe connecting the upper part of the treating-chamber withsaid apparatus, and the inlet-pipe connecting the discharge of theinjecting apparatus with the lower part of said chamber, substantiallyas described.

9. In apparatus for treating wood and other materials, the injectingapparatus described, having a suction pipe or nozzle projecting into thesteam-jet pipe or nozzle, and a second suction-pipe surrounding thesame, in combination with the connecting-pipes, treatingchamber, andsteam-generator, substantially as described.

10. In apparatus for treating wood and other materials, a series of twoor more vessels provided or combined each with doors or covers andfastening devices for uniting the same together so as to form onechamber, or for closing each so as to form separate chambers, as may bedesired, substantially as described.

11. In apparatusfor treating wood and other materials, a series of twoor more vessels mounted upon separate trucks and combined with fasteningdevicesywhereby they may be united into one chamber, substantially asdescribed.

12. An apparatus for treating wood and other materials, comprising incombination the following elements: a series of two or more vesselsmounted on separate trucks and pro- .vided with fastening devices foruniting them to form one long treating-chamber, a steamboiler, asuperheater, an injecting apparatus having a suction pipe or nozzleinside the steam-jet pipe, and a second suction pipe or nozzlesurrounding the said steam-pipe, pipes connecting the said suction pipesor nozzles JOHN BENN IN GTON BLYTHE.

Witnesses:

CHAS. J AS. JONES,

CHAS. MILLs, Both of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields, London.

